共同問題解決過程と単独問題解決過程の比較研究

The aim of this study is the comparative analysis of joint problem solving processes and individual problem solving processes. The task to be solved is the problem of subjective trisection. The results showed that in joint condition the series of hypotheses developed through some negations, while in individual condition rarely occured negations (in 3/6 subjects). Rather, in individual condition various hypotheses were enumerated one after another, or only one hypothesis was developed a little (See Fig.1 and Table 1, 2). The followings were discussed. 1) The development of hypotheses through negations are similar to the idea of "point of view" theory. 2) The problem solving processes are considered to be dialogue processes. In joint condition the dialogue is external and divided into two persons. In individual condition, it is internal. 3) Vygotsky argued that thought is completed, rather than embodied in speech and that the transition from through into speech involves several stages. In joint condition, thought is easily completed in speech through communication between two persons. 4) The significance of this study was considered in relation to Vygotsky's and Bakhtin's social semiotic theory of mind.